VoLTE workflow

IMS = IP Multimedia SubSystem
It integrates the voice, data and multimedia services together and communicates with the access Network

NarrowBand – Internet of Things (NB-IoT)

NarrowBand-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a standards-based low power wide area (LPWA) technology developed to enable a wide range of new IoT devices and services. NB-IoT significantly improves the power consumption of user devices, system capacity and spectrum efficiency, especially in deep coverage. Battery life of more than 10 years can be supported for a wide range of use cases.
New physical layer signals and channels are designed to meet the demanding requirement of extended coverage – rural and deep indoors – and ultra-low device complexity. Initial cost of the NB-IoT modules is expected to be comparable to GSM/GPRS. The underlying technology is however much simpler than today’s GSM/GPRS and its cost is expected to decrease rapidly as demand increases.
Supported by all major mobile equipment, chipset and module manufacturers, NB-IoT can co-exist with 2G, 3G, and 4G mobile networks. It also benefits from all the security and privacy features of mobile networks, such as support for user identity confidentiality, entity authentication, confidentiality, data integrity, and mobile equipment identification. The first NB-IoT commercial launches have been completed and global roll out is expected for 2017/18.

NB-IoT Logo

November 22, 2017
Toolkit
GSMA

“NB-IoT” stands for “Narrow Band-Internet of Things”. It is a low power wide area radio technology standard published by 3GPP in Release 13 that addresses the requirements of the Internet of Things (IoT). The technology provides improved indoor and outdoor coverage, supports massive numbers of low throughput IoT devices, low delay sensitivity, ultra-low device cost, low device power consumption and optimised network architecture.
The NB-IoT ™ logo is designed for network operators and device, module & chipset manufacturers to market and promote NB-IoT technology and product. The NB-IoT™    logo has been developed for the GSMA NB-IoT Forum to enable members and other technology users to demonstrate their support for a unified global technology and to clearly label products and services using NB-IoT

How to install Eric-- the Python editor

1. In the Ubuntu 16.04

 sudo apt-get update

 sudo apt-get install eric



>>>>replace it with the least Eric 6

sudo apt-get remove eric

yunhua@yunhua-PC:~/eric6-17.11.1$ python ./install.py
Checking dependencies
Python Version: 2.7.12
Found PyQt5
Found pyuic5
Sorry, please install QScintilla2 and
its PyQt5/PyQt4 wrapper.
Error: cannot import name Qsci


Then sudo apt-get install qt5-default

This package sets Qt 5 to be the default Qt version to be used when using development binaries like qmake. It provides a default configuration for qtchooser, but does not prevent alternative Qt installations from being used.

And

 su
python3 install.cy

Python -- part 1-- Installation

Python is a versatile programming language that can be used for many different programming projects. First published in 1991 with a name inspired by the British comedy group Monty Python, the development team wanted to make Python a language that was fun to use. Easy to set up, and written in a relatively straightforward style with immediate feedback on errors, Python is a great choice for beginners and experienced developers alike. Python 3 is the most current version of the language and is considered to be the future of Python.

This tutorial will guide you through installing Python 3 on your local Linux machine and setting up a programming environment via the command line. This tutorial will explicitly cover the installation procedures for Ubuntu 16.04, but the general principles apply to any other distribution of Debian Linux. 

Prerequisites

You will need a computer with Ubuntu 16.04 installed, as well as have administrative access to that machine and an internet connection.

Step 1 — Setting Up Python 3

On Ubuntu 16.04, you can find the Terminal application by clicking on the Ubuntu icon in the upper-left hand corner of your screen and typing “terminal” into the search bar. Click on the Terminal application icon to open it. Alternatively, you can hit the CTRL, ALT, and T keys on your keyboard at the same time to open the Terminal application automatically.
Ubuntu 16.04 ships with both Python 3 and Python 2 pre-installed. To make sure that our versions are up-to-date, let’s update and upgrade the system with apt-get:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get -y upgrade

The -y flag will confirm that we are agreeing for all items to be installed, but depending on your version of Linux, you may need to confirm additional prompts as your system updates and upgrades.
Once the process is complete, we can check the version of Python 3 that is installed in the system by typing:

python3 -V

You will receive output in the terminal window that will let you know the version number. The version number may vary, but it will look similar to this:

Output
Python 3.5.2 

To manage software packages for Python, let’s install pip:

• sudo apt-get install -y python3-pip

A tool for use with Python, pip installs and manages programming packages we may want to use in our development projects. You can install Python packages by typing:

pip3 install package_name

Here, package_name can refer to any Python package or library, such as Django for web development or NumPy for scientific computing. So if you would like to install NumPy, you can do so with the command pip3 install numpy.
There are a few more packages and development tools to install to ensure that we have a robust set-up for our programming environment:

sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python-dev

Once Python is set up, and pip and other tools are installed, we can set up a virtual environment for our development projects.

Step 2 — Setting Up a Virtual Environment

Virtual environments enable you to have an isolated space on your computer for Python projects, ensuring that each of your projects can have its own set of dependencies that won’t disrupt any of your other projects.
We need to first install the venv module, part of the standard Python 3 library, so that we can create virtual environments. Let’s install venv by typing:

sudo apt-get install -y python3-venv

With this installed, we are ready to create environments. Let’s choose which directory we would like to put our Python programming environments in, or we can create a new directory with mkdir, as in:

mkdir environments

cd environments

Once you are in the directory where you would like the environments to live, you can create an environment by running the following command:

python3 -m venv my_env

Essentially, this sets up a new directory that contains a few items which we can view with the ls command:

ls my_env

Output
bin include lib lib64 pyvenv.cfg share 

To use this environment, you need to activate it, which you can do by typing the following command that calls the activate script:

• source my_env/bin/activate

Your prompt will now be prefixed with the name of your environment, in this case it is called my_env. Your prefix may look somewhat different, but the name of your environment in parentheses should be the first thing you see on your line:

This prefix lets us know that the environment my_env is currently active, meaning that when we create programs here they will use only this particular environment’s settings and packages.

Step 3 — Creating a Simple Program

Now that we have our virtual environment set up, let’s create a simple “Hello, World!” program. This will make sure that our environment is working and gives us the opportunity to become more familiar with Python if we aren’t already.
To do this, we’ll open up a command-line text editor such as nano and create a new file:

nano hello.py

Once the text file opens up in the terminal window we’ll type out our program:

print("Hello, World!")

Exit nano by typing the control and x keys, and when prompted to save the file press y.
Once you exit out of nano and return to your shell, let’s run the program:

python hello.py

The hello.py program that you just created should cause your terminal to produce the following output:

Output
Hello, World!

To leave the environment, simply type the command deactivate and you will return to your original directory.

 

 

How to show without more

his Document describe about How to show the Complete Configuration without Breaks/Pauses on Cisco Router/Switches, ASA Firewall and WLC (Wireless LAN Controller)

On Cisco Router/Switches:

When you execute the show running-config (show run) command on Cisco router/Switches, the output will be paged through one screen at a time. This is useful as Cisco configuration can be very long and can have thousands of lines. It would be impractical to dump the whole configuration to screen and expect the admin to rely on their scroll buffer.

Default screen length is of 24 lines. It means only 24 lines can be show on screen .you can verify using “Show terminal” command as shown below.

Router#show terminal | in Length

Length: 24 lines, Width: 80 columns

Router#

However if u like to have freedom to choose, to execute show run without more you can use this method.

1. Type "terminal length 0" in privileged mode to set your terminal to display without any breaks.
2. Type "show run" or "show start" to show the applicable config. The config will display without any breaks or pauses.

To display the config without lengthy certificate data, use "show run brief ".

This is useful for capturing the complete config for documentation purposes, especially if you do not have access via TFTP or the like.

On a Cisco Wireless LAN Controller:

1. Type "config paging disable" in priviledged mode to set your terminal to display without any breaks.

2. Type "show run-config" to display the config.

On a Cisco ASA Firewall:

To change terminal line display there are two commands you can use:

1) pager : Sets the number of lines to display in a Telnet session before the "---more---" prompt. This command is saved to the configuration.

2) terminal pager:Sets the number of lines to display in a Telnet session before the "---more---" prompt. This command is not saved to the configuration.

The default is 24 lines; 0 means no page limit.

1. Type "pager 0" in priviledged mode to set your terminal to display without any breaks.

2. Type "show run-config" to display the config.

3. Type "pager 20" in priviledged mode to set your terminal to display with breaks every 20 lines.

How to install open vpn on Linux

Documentation

To connect to Access Server from a Linux client computer, you need to follow these steps:

1. Install an OpenVPN client for Linux
   
2. Login to the Access Server's Client Web Server and download the desired client config file (typically called "client.ovpn"
   
3. Run the OpenVPN client with the downloaded client config file

Installing an OpenVPN client:

Usually, the easiest way to install an OpenVPN client is to use the package management system for your particular Linux distribution.  Run one of the following commands (as root):

Fedora/CentOS/RedHat:

yum install openvpn

*NOTE: OpenVPN Access Server is not compatible with any version below the 2.1 OpenVPN Community/Linux client!
Ubuntu/Debian:

apt-get install openvpn

Once the openvpn package is fetched from the Internet and installed, run the client with the --version argument to make sure that it is version 2.1:

openvpn --version

OpenVPN 2.1_rc15e x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu [...]
[...]

Running the OpenVPN client with the downloaded client config file:

Usually, the easiest way to install an OpenVPN client is to use the --config argument to specify the location of the downloaded client config file:

openvpn --config client.ovpn

F5 Automap and None mapping

snat automap uses the egress vlan interface ip. by establishing a snat pool, and attaching, you can control what IP this translates to.
For the Client->F5->Server, consider these scenarios:

1. None, client source address goes to the server. Routes necessary back through BIG-IP on servers or servers gw
   
   
2. Snat Automap, client source is managed on BIG-IP, source is translated to self IP on egress interface heading toward servers. For servers needing source IP for reporting or decision processes, must insert in an application header or possibly in tcp options.
   
   
3. Snat Pool, client source is still managed on BIG-IP, but source is translated to an IP you configure and attach to the virtual server. I like this option because I can map external IP -> internal IP by application so I know what flows belong to what application on the inside of the organization/dmz as appropriate. If traffic isn't necessary to come back through the BIG-IP, can also snat to the original client's source IP.
   
   
   the most common option is "None" which do not change the source and Automap to change the Source to SB interface